In: Computer, Vol. 24, No. 5, pages 37-47. May 1991.
Abstract: A unified methodology for modeling real-time systems is presented. Techniques that combine the effects of performance, reliability/availability, and deadline violation into a single model are used. Dynamic failures due to a transaction violating a hard deadline are taken into account by incorporating additional transitions in the Markov chain model of the failure-repair behavior. Since the Markov chains used in computing the distribution of response time are often very large and complex, a higher level interface based on a variation of stochastic Petri nets called stochastic reward nets is used.
Keywords: real-time system performance; dynamic failure; performance; reliability; availability; deadline violation; Markov chain; failure-repair behaviour; stochastic reward net.