Hànyǔ Shǔipíng Kǎoshì (Chinese:汉语水平考试), abbreviated as HSK, is the world's most well-known test of Chinese language proficiency for non-native speakers. It is also known as Chinese Proficiency Test.

Its purpose is to evaluate the Chinese proficiency (written Chinese and Putonghua (Standard Mandarin)) of non-native Chinese speakers. These may be international learners (non-ethnic Chinese), people with Chinese backgrounds living in other countries, or members of a Chinese national minority who are Chinese citizens.

The HSK was developed by Beijing Language and Culture University under the supervision of the Chinese Ministry of Education. It is considered China's national standard test of Chinese language, as per HSK official materials.

There are three levels: beginning level (HSK Basic), elementary to intermediate level (HSK Elementary-Intermediate), and advanced level (HSK Advanced). HSK is held regularly in China and in other countries each year and HSK certificates are issued to those who meet required scores.

HSK is scored on a scale of 1 to 11. The elementary test covers levels 1-3, the intermediate test covers levels 3-8, and the advanced test covers levels 9-11. One of the primary and most common uses of the test is for international students who wish to enroll in a Chinese university as a full time student to demonstrate the required Chinese proficiency. Generally, a score of six is necessary to enroll in a science or business program, a score of seven is necessary to enroll in a humanities program, and a score of eight is necessary to enroll in elite institutions such as Peking University or Tsinghua University. Most students who take the HSK for this purpose are from Japan or Korea but also include Europeans, North Americans, Southeast Asians and others.

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