Phytomenadione
Vitamin K1.png
Names
IUPAC name
2-methyl-3-[(2E)-3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadec-2-en-1-yl]naphthoquinone
Other names
Vitamin K1; phytomenadione; phytonadione
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChEBI
ChemSpider
DrugBank
ECHA InfoCard 100.001.422
UNII
Properties
C31H46O2
Molar mass 450.70 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY verify (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Phylloquinone is a polycyclic aromatic ketone, based on 2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, with a 3-phytyl substituent.

It is a fat-soluble vitamin that is stable to air and moisture but decomposes in sunlight. It is found naturally in a wide variety of green plants, particularly leaves, since it functions as an electron acceptor during photosynthesis, forming part of the electron transport chain of Photosystem I.

Contents

Terminology[edit]

It is often called vitamin K1[1], phytomenadione or phytonadione. Sometimes a distinction is made with phylloquinone considered natural and phytonadione considered synthetic.[2]

A stereoisomer of phylloquinone is called vitamin k1 (note the difference in capitalization).

Biochemistry[edit]

Phylloquinone is an electron acceptor during photosynthesis, forming part of the electron transport chain of Photosystem I.

Its best-known function in animals is as a cofactor in the formation of coagulation factors II (prothrombin), VII, IX, and X by the liver. It is also required for the formation of anticoagulant factors protein C and S. It is commonly used to treat warfarin toxicity, and as an antidote for coumatetralyl.

Vitamin K is also required for bone protein formation.

See also[edit]

External links[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Haroon Y, Shearer MJ, Rahim S, Gunn WG, McEnery G, Barkhan P (1982). "The content of phylloquinone (vitamin K1) in human milk, cows' milk, and infant formula foods determined by high-performance liquid chromatography". J. Nutr. 112 (6): 1105–17. PMID 7086539.  Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
  2. ^ "Vitamin K". Retrieved 2009-03-18.